Friday, 26 February 2016

Types of Documentary


  1. The Expository Mode -voice of God-
    • This mode is what we identify with documentaries.
    • It emphasises verbal commentary – often using a narrator.
    • Addresses the spectator directly, with titles or voices that propose a perspective, advance an argument or recount history.
    • Most associated with Television News programming.

  2. (detailed) – Expository Mode
    • Images become subordinate to the voice-over narration. They serve to illustrate, illuminate or act in counterpoint to what is being said by the author.
    • Editing in the expository mode serves to maintain the continuity of the spoken argument or perspective. - this is called evidentiary

  3. The Poetic Mode -subjective, artistic, expression-
    • Stresses the lyrical, rhythmic and emotional aspect of the historical world.
    • Sacrifices filmic conventions for example, continuity editing and a situated time and space, to explore associations between images, objects and patterns.

  4. The Observational Mode -window on the world-
    • Attempt to observe aspects of the historical world as they happen.
    • Typically have no voice-over commentary, no supplementary music or sound, no intertitles, no historical reenactments, no behaviour repeated for the camera and no interviews.
    • Social actors behave as if no filmmakers were there.

  5. The Participatory Mode
    • Involves an interview between filmmaker and the subject. – this allows the filmmaker to address people who appear in the film, formally – this is opposed to addressing the audience through voice-over commentary.
    • Also involves some participation from the filmmaker as well as social actors – this gives the audience a sense of what it is like for the filmmaker to be in a given situation and how that situation alters as a result.

  6. The Reflexive Mode -awareness of the process-
    • The spectator is the focus of the attention.
    • Speaks not only about the historical world, but about the problems and issues of representing it.
    • Documentaries set out to re-adjust the assumptions and expectation of its audience, not add new knowing to existing categories.
    • From a formal perspective – reflexivity draws our attention to our assumptions and expectations about documentary form itself.
    • From a political perspective – reflexivity points towards our assumptions and expectations about the world around us.
    • Both of these rely on techniques that attempt to jar us, and sever our engagement with the film so that we are forced to think about filmmaking as a construct.
    •  Involves Expository; Voice-of-God narration; Images

  7. The Performative Mode -filmmaker as participant-
    • Performative mode of documentary raises questions about what knowledge is.
    • It sets out to demonstrate how the specificities of personal experience provide entry into an understanding of the more general processes at work in society.- this is done by stressing the emotional complexity of experience from the perspective of the filmmaker.
    • Stresses the tone and mood, more so than arguments and evidence.
    • Films primarily address the spectator.
    • Calls for an emotional responsiveness from us that acknowledges an understanding of the event, more so that asking us to gain knowledge from it.

List of Participants



LO1: Deadlines -


Date Event Details
29th Feb - 6th March Mobile Phone Usage Track. Use an app to track you phone usage.
6th March Send Screenshots. Send us screenshots of your phone usage.
7th March - 13th MarchExperiment Begins.The complete ban on phones begins.

LO1: Planning - Message for participants

We are asking all of the participants of the experiment to post a message to their most used social medias, to inform friends and family of their particpations:

"As part of a social experiment I will not be using my phone or social media for the next 7 days. Please do not contact me, as I will not reply or see the messsage. If there is an emergency and yoy need to contact me, then please ring my house phone, Thanks." 

LO1: Planning - Getting Participants